Rather than penalizing patients for the use of innovative medicines through higher co-pays, health care systems should adopt outcome-based approaches that maintain the incentive to invest in developing high-value innovative medicines.
Current literature stresses the relevance of adopting outcome measures to assess the effectiveness of conservative or surgical treatments.
Mortality rate of patients admitted to Intensive Care Units is a widely adopted outcome indicator.
Second, we conducted a systematic review before developing the study design and adopted outcome measurements following the results [ 22].
After expert advice, we adopted Outcome Mapping (OM) (40), a process-oriented methodology that allows reporting incremental progress rather than just end-of-process outputs (40).
The mortality rate of patients admitted to Intensive Care Units is a widely adopted outcome indicator, and in children it was reported to vary from 3.8%to13%3% in North and South America and in Europe [ 1- 4].
Adopting outcomes is a way of ensuring that the content and skills covered by the measurable standards will be a major focus in the education of students.
We recommend that future randomized trials, which use an ordinal outcome measure as efficacy parameter, adopt ordinal outcome analysis in order to facilitate detection of smaller treatment effects.
Levenbook very succinctly focuses the dilemma which judges must confront in deciding how much weight is to be placed on considerations of coherence in judicial decisions: should judges always adopt the outcome to a case which best coheres with the pre-existing law, or can they ever be justified in adopting an outcome which is less coherent but morally preferable?
A plebiscite is largely a cop-out, considering that plebiscites don't change constitutions, nor do they force the government of the day to adopt the outcome.
We recommend that future trials adopt ordinal outcome analysis, in order to facilitate detection of smaller treatment effects.
