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Some reports showed the administration of type I IFNs was detrimental to pathogen clearance (Wijesundara et al., 2014).
Genes encoding chemokines, cytokines and proteases were significantly up-regulated with mucosal administration of type I IFNs, which are closely associated with antigen processing and lymphocyte activation, migration, apoptosis and protein degradation (Tovey, 2002; Namangala et al., 2006; Tovey et al., 2008).
Thus, iatrogenic administration of type 1 IFN (IFNα or IFNβ) elicits disease flares in susceptible individuals, as does endogenous IFN release in the course of viral disease [13], [14].
Administration of Type I IFN in mouse models leads to reduced skin reactivity to lipopolysaccharides (LPS), reduced response to ischemic insult/chemokine injection, and protection from collagen-induced arthritis (CIA), experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) and delayed-type hypersensitivity-allotransplant rejection (reviewed in [3]).
Oral administration of type II collagen (CII) has been proven to improve signs and symptoms in RA patients without troublesome toxicity.
Therefore, the present data for the first time provide valuable insight into the use of combined administration of type I IFN and IL-18 in controlling viral infection in the poultry industry.
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Oral administration of murine type I IFN significantly elevated the survival of mice challenged systemically with a lethal dose of encephalomyocarditis virus, vesicular stomatitis virus or varicella zoster virus (Tovey and Maury, 1999).
We previously showed that passive administration of wild type M. leprae Hsp65 interfered with endogenous equilibrium by enhancing the entropy of the immunobiological system, as expressed by the early death of the systemic lupus erythematosus [NZBxNZW]F1 experimental mice [23].
ICH was induced by the administration of collagenase type IV (0.5 µL saline containing 0.078 U, Sigma) over a period of 5 min. After remaining in place for another 3 min, the needle was gently removed.
In addition, the use of chronomodulated FOLFOXIRI in the POCHER study limited the administration of this type of chemotherapy in experienced centres with the necessary equipment.
This study aimed to evaluate the effect of central ET-1 on the development of neuropathic pain behaviour by repeated intrathecal administration of endothelin type A receptor (ETAR) antagonist (BQ-123) in a sciatic nerve ligation (SNL) animal model.
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