In the UK, we work closely with law enforcement agencies to try to tackle doping at its source, targeting those supplying and administering performance-enhancing substances.
Because it is easier to obtain self-reports than to administer performance tasks, it is important to ascertain the additional value derived from such tests.
Armstrong, 40, is facing charges that he doped, but also that he encouraged the use of and administered performance-enhancing drugs to teammates on the United States Postal Service team and the Discovery Channel team in the late 1990s and early 2000s.
Galea, despite being unlicensed, treated both Alex Rodriguez of the Yankees and Tiger Woods during their recovery from injuries, although Galea has insisted he never administered performance-enhancing drugs to his athlete clients.
Unless the nature of the services delivered allows easy to administer performance-related remuneration, remuneration is likely to be explicitly or implicitly based on lockstep, with the (presumably more senior) controlling group or individual earning substantially more than other professionals.
Attention should be focused no less on the horse's trainer, Doug O'Neill, who has a troubled record of sanctions and penalties for administering illegal performance-enhancing concoctions that endanger racehorses.
The supracompensatory remedies just described are therefore justified only insofar as a promisor owes her promisee not just good faith in respect of the contractual settlement, but also an obligation to administer contractual performance in the interests of the promisee, with respect to any further gains that become possible.
The clinician carried out the observations while the non-clinicians administered the performance factors questionnaires.
The MEC battery was administered, and performance was measured in accordance with the guidelines validated for the Brazilian population.
There was full agreement that rhGH should not be administered for performance enhancement, anti-aging, or other illicit uses.
