Sentence examples for adjustment of labour from inspiring English sources

The second specification thus covers both external and internal margins of adjustment of labour supply to windfall gains.

The evidence suggests that since the start of the 2008 crisis, mobility has played a more important role in the adjustment of labour markets than in the past; in contrast, the adjustment of unemployment and activity rates was comparatively short-lived.

The authors notably highlight that adjustment costs of labour and capital can justify the use of lagged values (of endogenous variables) as instruments.

In a first phase, reforms were mostly aimed at cushioning the impact of the crisis on employment; in a second phase, reforms aimed at increasing the adjustment capacity of labour markets (EPL, working time, wage setting) became more frequent, while reforms reducing the labour taxation or raising entitlements became less frequent in light of tightening budget constraints.

The 2008 crisis was followed by increased policy activity in most policy domains in a large number of EU countries, initially to cushion the impact of the crisis on employment and incomes, subsequently to improve the adjustment capacity of labour markets.

Nonetheless, a residual confounder related to uterine tone that would both increase the need for oxytocin and the risk of PPH is unlikely, given our careful adjustment for duration of labour.

After adjustment for labour interventions the association was no longer statistically significant.

Introducing this into the model would require identifying the source of returns to experience: participation or hours; as well as requiring the inclusion of an additional margin of adjustment: intensive labour supply decision.

Different combinations of adjustment strategies are apparent, and the particular choices of labour costs adjustments depend substantially on countries' institutional settings.

Bell and Blanchflower note that the equilibrium unemployment rate falls when unemployment itself is falling, but they are also highly critical of the way the Bank has come up with its estimate of spare capacity, saying that Threadneedle Street has made arbitrary downward adjustments to the amount of labour market slack in the UK.

The strongest case in favour of adjustment through labour mobility is provided by situations in which persistent asymmetric labour demand shocks lead to persistent unemployment differences due to the rigidity of real wages.