This bias-adjustment meta-analysis allowed quantitative synthesis of the prospective association between DED and change in adiposity in children.
More recently, Park et al. (2010) pointed out the importance of the winner's curse adjustment in meta-GWAS analysis and in specification of risk prediction models.
The queries used in this systematic review can be found in Additional file 1: Appendix 2. As significant clinical heterogeneity in the patient population, definitions of frailty, study methodologies and covariate adjustment were encountered; meta-analysis was not performed.
After the meta-regression adjustment, the I value for the C index is reduced to 75%, remaining substantial.
In a more recent meta-analysis, adjustment for established coronary risk factors, especially HDL cholesterol, substantially attenuated the magnitude of risk associated with high TG levels, leaving an odds ratio of about 1.7 in individuals with TG levels in the top third of the population, compared with those in the bottom third (8).
The flow diagram will also need adjustments when reporting meta-analysis of individual patient data.
Hazard ratios were adjusted to ensure consistency for adjustment factors across all studies considered in meta-analysis.
Only time from intervention to last follow-up remained statistically significant after adjustment using multivariate random-effects meta-regression modelling.
However, we were unable to conduct subgroup analyses by adjustment level for the other meta-analyses due to the limited number of studies and insufficient power.
All studies included in our meta-analysis considered adjustment for potential confounding by various diet and lifestyle factors, and for most a positive association persisted, suggesting an independent effect of SSBs.
To quantify the impact of adjustment for confounders, we then meta-analysed the individual study ratios of odds ratios for each outcome separately, using random-effects models with inverse-variance methods.
