Adjusting for basal metabolic rate (BMR) yielded comparable results to Model 1; energy intake adjustment yielded similar results to model 1 (OR = 1.45, 95% CI: 1.14, 1.83), whether or not BMR was also included in the model.
We varied the exposures time between 180 and 220 ms to adjust for different basal fluorescence values across preparations.
Further analysis adjusted for potential mediators: energy intake, basal metabolic rate, obesity, hypertension, lipids, serum uric acid, smoking, energy expenditure, and glycohemoglobin.
The source activation was calculated for the difference between insulin application and basal measurement adjusted for the placebo measurement [ insulin 2 – insulin 1) – (placebo 2 – placebo 1)] for each subject.
As a measure of insulin action, we calculated the difference for M1 and M2 after insulin application and basal measurement adjusted for the placebo measurement [ insulin 2 – insulin 1) – (placebo 2 – placebo 1)].
Calculations of the relative contribution of orthostasis to physiological stress responses revealed that 25.61% of the NE increase, 82.94% of the EP increase, and 68.91% of the cortisol increase, could be attributed to psychosocial stress adjusted for the effects of orthostasis and basal endocrine output.
Basal fat utilization (adjusted for fat free mass) has been reported to be lower in females than in males, thereby contributing to a higher fat storage in women.
Baseline dietary assessments (diet records) were conducted during the lead-in period and were used to provide an initial estimate of a maintenance level of energy intake, which was then refined by calculating needs using World Health Organization equations for calculation of basal metabolic rate, adjusted for activity level to provide an estimate of total daily energy expenditure.
