Exact(4)
The doping module adds no redundancy yet introduces dependencies between adjacent bits.
Therefore, dependent values between the adjacent bits are introduced by doping, and an arbitrary low error rate is allowed with an interleaver length going to infinity.
Next to the intra-block permutation, each group of log2(M) adjacent bits of the permuted output stream is mapped onto one QAM constellation symbol.
Then, the probability that a certain tagged bit is set to 1 due to the spectral leakage from two adjacent bits is given by 2Pleak−2P b Pleak, where we subtract the probability 2P b Pleak of the event that both the two adjacent bits are set to 1 and they simultaneously affect the tagged bit due to the spectral leakage.
Similar(56)
Behind it is a vague biomorphic shape from which hands thrust out; an eye and an eyebrow are positioned on its lower part and stylized fruits from an adjacent bit of wallpaper infiltrate it.
The purpose of these experiments was to provide data on the fracture of the hard rock under percussive drilling action and to find the (experimental setup specific) striker impact velocity that leads to lateral chipping, i.e. material removal of rock between the adjacent bit-buttons.
The output of the convolutional code is passed through an interleaver which performs a two-step permutation: the first permutation ensures that adjacent coded bits are mapped onto non-adjacent subcarriers, while the second permutation ensures that adjacent coded bits are mapped onto less and more significant bits of the constellation to avoid long runs of low reliability.
The source information is encoded, after which an interleaver is used to separate adjacent coded bits temporally.
In the proposed scheme, one soft error in the encoder can cause at most two errors on adjacent parity bits, thus the correctness of memory data can be ensured because those errors are correctable by the SEC-DAEC code.
It is based on the fact that soft errors in the encoder have a similar effect to soft errors in a memory word and achieved by using logic sharing blocks for every two adjacent parity bits.
The compressed read and genome are then combined bitwise using an exclusive-or function, and adjacent pairs of bits are reduced to yield bit vectors that contain the positions of mismatches.
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Since I tried Ludwig back in 2017, I have been constantly using it in both editing and translation. Ever since, I suggest it to my translators at ProSciEditing.

Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com