Exact(60)
To actively reduce the stress concentration effect in adhesive layers, a novel smart adhesively bonded composite pipe joint system was developed by integrating piezoelectric layers as sensor/actuator in the connection coupler.
Concluding part of the paper discusses empirical formulation of the layered sample considering elastomer and adhesive layers as basic elements, thus evolving a method to calculate adhesive properties.
It was also found that the inner adhesive layers were severely deteriorated under moist condition, indicating that the long-term adhesion between the layers could be a major area of concern for multilayer backsheets used in a humid environment.
The ICA results show good performance in optimal design of thin adhesive layers.
Solid and cohesive elements are employed to discretize composite and adhesive layers, respectively.
However, these studies focussed mainly on the mechanics of adhesive layers.
Delamination of the polyurethane adhesive layers and stress induced relaxation in them are made visible.
The thin adhesive layers are modelled as imperfect interfaces across which displacement discontinuities exist.
The results indicated that the adhesive layers significantly enhanced the interlaminar properties of the NFMLs within the investigated quantities.
Some of the designs allow for selected ratios of shear to normal stresses in the adhesive layers.
Increasing the immersion time led to more moisture uptake in the adhesive layers, and more degradation of the bonding properties.
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