Pathogens employ multiple molecular mechanisms of adhesion to initiate infection and effective anti adhesion drugs may probably have to consist of a cocktail of inhibitors.
Some important biomaterial properties of wound dressings such as wound fluid absorption, haemo-compatibility, bioactive assessment, gaseous/water/microbial permeability, mechanical properties, bio-adhesion, drug release, and histology of wound healing were also determined.
Drug resistance was classified into environment mediated-drug resistance (EM-DR), cell adhesion mediated-drug resistance (CAM-DR) and soluble factor mediated-drug resistance (SM-DR), the latter two are associated with MSCs [ 154].
In addition to the large plethora of resistance-mediating influences such as gain-of-function mutations in proto-oncogenes, elevated levels of hypoxia, and multidrug resistance by p-glycoprotein overexpression [3] [5], the importance of adhesion-mediated drug resistance and adhesion-mediated radioresistance has recently come to light [6] [8].
Hazlehurst, L.A. & Dalton, W.S. Mechanisms associated with cell adhesion mediated drug resistance (CAM-DR) in hematopoietic malignancies.
Forced unbinding of complementary macromolecules such as ligand-receptor complexes can reveal energetic and kinetic details governing physiological processes ranging from cellular adhesion to drug metabolism.
Ligands mounted to surfaces via extensible tethers are present in nature and represent a growing class of molecules used to engineer adhesion in drug targeting, biosensing, self-assembling nanostructures, and in other biophysical research.
This phenomenon is designated as a cell adhesion mediated drug resistance (CAM-DR) [ 14].
This is supporting the concept of cell adhesion mediated drug resistance.
This is explained by the fact that cell-to-cell and cell-to-stroma adhesion limits drug penetration, and by the variable susceptibility to cytotoxicity determined by oxygen and tissue proliferation gradients [ 17].
