There are many studies indicated the positive and useful effect from addition of organic matter to the sandy soils, and also investigating chicken manure addition to the soil.
However, remote sensing and Geographic Information Systems GISS) are now being integrated into RUSLE, in addition to the soil data, to increase the risk assessment precision.
In addition to the soil temperatures simulated by the CMIP5 climate models, a set of soil temperature data obtained from the Community Land Model version 4 (CLM4) driven by a set of reliable high-resolution atmospheric forcing data was also used (Table 1).
Carbon addition to the soil through the turnover of roots and aboveground litter amounted to 1.98 and 4.80 Mg∙ha–1∙yrespectivelyinely in US (fine root and litter turnover were 86 and 83 % per yr, respectively).
In addition to the soil saturated hydraulic conductivity, Ks, the initial soil moisture content, θi, is the quantity commonly incorporated in rainfall infiltration models for simulation of surface runoff hydrographs.
In addition to the soil compaction status at the end of growing season, soil compaction variation during the growing season is also important because of its potential effect on the crop growth and yield.
Biochar addition to the soil increased N2O emissions in the pig manure-amended column, most likely as a result of increased denitrification caused by higher water filled pore space and organic carbon (C) contents.
It was assumed that iron was easier to ionize under aerobic conditions and the precipitate would adsorb more efficiently in soil; thus iron scraps were added into the ZTF in addition to the Soil mixture block (SMB) to promote phosphorus removal.
The details of the methods may vary in terms of the substrate, e.g. application to dry[6] or wet soil[7], or the dispersion technique, e.g. TiO2 can be dispersed by vortexing in water before adding to air-dried soil[6] or by vigorous stirring for 10 min and sonicating for 30 min, followed by drop wise addition to the soil with no further homogenization[7].
However, the highest values were noted after a double dose of Act, and the stronger increments in soil properties occurred in the coarse textured soil versus the medium textured, demonstrating that the humic acids addition to the soil was especially effective in coarse textured, poor soils.
