In addition to exon shuffling, amplification of repeated domains has also contributed to the diversification of protein architecture, and such domain amplification has been particularly pervasive in multicellular vertebrate evolution (Bjorklund et al. 2006).
In addition to disallowing shuffled NRSE coordinates to fall within assembly gaps, we did not allow shuffled NRSEs to fall within 100 kb of protein-coding genes.
In addition to domain shuffling, new gene structures may be created by duplication of a gene with subsequent accumulation of mutations (Long et al. 2003) or by acquisition of genes by horizontal transfer, a well-known mechanism in prokaryotes (Gogarten and Townsend 2005).
This might also clarify whether the short N-termini are more prevalent in ancient Adhesion GPCRs and the long N-termini was later gained due to addition and shuffling of key domains during the course of metazoan evolution.
In addition to the top level shuffling, the company cut 2,000 positions.
In addition to the random genome shuffling strategy described above, we mated the same eight parental strains using a targeted funnel-breeding scheme based on non-stable plasmid-based dominant markers (see Figure 2A and ' Methods').
Injuries to usual power-play participants Perry, forward Kyle Palmieri and defenseman Francois Beauchemin have limited those three to just three games together this season, forcing Ducks Coach Bruce Boudreau to shuffle in new additions.
In addition to the administrative shuffle, Atlanta Public Schools will be offering to students additional tutoring and after-school classes.
In addition to correctly targeted shuffle events, we recovered a number of chromosomes that bore the transgene marker (mini-white) but lacked the landing site marker (DsRed).
Recombination can only shuffle alleles, and when overwhelmed by mutations, additional shuffling of alleles may only serve to shuffle mutant alleles with other mutant alleles.
