The expulsion of numerous international aid agencies came at the expense of the some of the most vulnerable people in al-Shabaab areas, adding to discontent.
The latest round of job cuts will further add to discontent among BBC staff after trade unions criticised the corporation's offer of a 1% pay rise to staff earning less than £50,000 as "completely unacceptable".
Devaluation added to popular discontent in the Philippines, culminating in the overthrow of President Joseph Estrada.
Its revival and its enforcement as a general tax by Charles I aroused widespread opposition and added to the discontent leading to the English Civil Wars.
The cuts caused severe economic hardships for many government officials and their families and added to popular discontent with the monarchy during his reign.
The complaints added to the discontent and frustration among passengers, airlines and airport operators in Europe over the ever-changing safety requirements and the long waiting times at security screening points in airports.
A widely held Japanese perception that ties would be warmer with a Republican in the White House - a view some close to Abe have taken no pains to hide - has also added to the discontent.
Growing inequality in wealth, income, and opportunity in many countries had added to a groundswell of discontent, especially in the industrialised world, Lagarde said.
