Specific tumour cell profiles identified by gene expression microarrays may add to establish a working diagnosis in CUP (Ismael et al, 2006; Huebner et al, 2007; Bridgewater et al, 2008; Rosenfeld et al, 2008).
This implies that novelties added to established genes (within established coding sequences, CDSs) are under lower purifying selection if they do not interfere with the original coding sequence, compared to those events that change the original CDS.
The fact that we use the gradient-echo EPI brain images, which are routinely used to measure functional activity, could make this new analysis technique especially attractive, because no new scans would need to be added to established experimental protocols.
Importantly, our data also suggest there may be benefits when β blockers are added to established stepwise inhaled treatment regimens for COPD in reducing all cause mortality.
Objective To examine the effect of β blockers in the management of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), assessing their effect on mortality, hospital admissions, and exacerbations of COPD when added to established treatment for COPD.
When added to established metformin therapy, colesevelam resulted in further reductions in HbA1c at week 6 [−0.49 vs. −0.03% for placebo (−28.9 mmol/mol vs. −23.8 mmol/mol); p < 0.001].
To determine the effects of conventional antibiotics on established biofilms, 100 μL volumes of TSB alone or of TSB containing the antibiotics at the highest serum achievable concentration (32 μg/ml for oxacillin, 32 μg/ml for vancomycin, 8 μg/ml for gentamicin) were added to established biofilms [ 39].
It is important to underscore that the comparison in this study is between, on the one hand, etanercept monotherapy initiated in patients who were not receiving disease-modifying antirheumatic drug therapy and, on the other hand, combination therapy where etanercept is added to established MTX therapy.
20 21 We therefore wished to examine the use of β blockers in the management of COPD, assessing their interactions with β agonists and other COPD drug and assess whether they improve mortality, hospital admissions, and exacerbations when added to established treatment for COPD.
