Exact(13)
Within the class, ecological diversity has resulted from adaptive specialization in food acquisition, habitat preferences, and locomotion.
Increased competition drives phenotypic adaptive specialization within Cyprinodon pupfishes in lakes in the Bahamas.
(Ecological speciation is included in this argument, but it is less clear how adaptive specialization on different pollinators affects speciation rates).
This might reflect adaptive strategies, the first leading to saltatory evolution in r-strategists, the other to gradual adaptive specialization in K-strategists.
The fruit fly, Drosophila sechellia, provides a clear example of adaptive specialization within the Drosophila simulans clade, which includes D. simulans, D. sechellia, and D. mauritiana.
Adaptive specialization that follows rare host shift events appears to be the major mechanism of speciation in Microbotryum, as in many pathogenic fungi [ 4, 48, 49].
Similar(47)
It is not yet known whether or not comparable adaptive specializations are associated with the molecules characteristic of the other groups of lower vertebrates.
These machines are adaptive specializations: systems equipped with design features that are organized such that they solve an ancestral problem reliably, economically and efficiently.
The morphological differences between Neoctantes and Myrmorchilus on one hand, and the "checker-throated" Myrmotherula antwrens on the other, could thus be the result of adaptive specializations in the former taxa.
However, while King et al. deals with evolution of multi-cellularity in metazoans from unicellular choanoflagellates (increased organismal complexity), our study deals with evolution of parasites from free-living species (mostly loss of complexity but increase in host-adaptive specialization).
We found examples of both lineage-specific gene family expansions and putative adaptive functional specialization of U. gibba orthologs that could have contributed to U. gibba evolution.
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