obs).. Therefore mate choice in general, and female avoidance of a sib in particular, should have a great adaptive impact in this species because of the CSD.
This level of selection is an average, and it may arise from frequent fixation of weakly adaptive mutations or from rare mutations of large adaptive impact.
The adaptive impact of varying recombination rate (and thus N e ) is expected to decrease with the strength of selection (i.e. s; [ 3, 41]).
This may question the use of mtDNA for inferences of species historical demography but reveals the great potential of studies that attempt to assess the adaptive impact of mtDNA evolution (Galtier et al. 2009).
A more detailed dissection of the different processes influencing TE insertion, dispersal, and survival is needed to disentangle the causal from the incidental and enable a holistic understanding of the adaptive impact of TEs in biotrophic fungi.
> > -wrap-foot> > -wrap-foot> To uncover the adaptive impact of the amino acids replacements targeted by positive selection, we mapped the corresponding residues onto three-dimensional models of KLK2 and KLK3.
It is possible that fixation of this novel feature after the colonization of the Hawaiian Islands along with sorting out of floral morphotypes ensuring greater pollinator specialization has had a major adaptive impact on the evolution of the Hawaiian mint lineage [ 4].
According to the epi-transposon hypothesis recently proposed by Zeh et al. [ 48], the non-adaptive impacts of TE activity can displace the population from its adaptive peak on the fitness landscape.
Polymorphisms at multiple susceptibility loci in IBD that previously were considered to impact adaptive immunity, similarly could impact ILC phenotype, including RORC, IL23R, IL12RB2, IL12B, IL22, IFNG, STAT1, STAT3, STAT4, CCR6, IL1R1, IL15RA, and IL6ST.
Exposure of cells to physiological and environmental stress conditions, such as radiation, temperature changes, nutrient limitation, hypoxia, oxidative stress, and exposure to carcinogens, tumor promoters, chemical mutagens, or oncogenic viruses results in an adaptive response that impacts cell cycle progression, death, survival, and differentiation [9].
Ciona intestinalis belongs to the set of species in which adaptive evolution strongly impacts amino acid sequence evolution.
