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It has long been debated whether fluting conferred any adaptive benefit.
In this study, three modified versions of the SOS algorithm are proposed by introducing adaptive benefit factors in the basic SOS algorithm to improve its efficiency.
The basic SOS algorithm only considers benefit factors, whereas the proposed variants of the SOS algorithm, consider effective combinations of adaptive benefit factors and benefit factors to study their competence to lay down a good balance between exploration and exploitation of the search space.
This view of the adaptive benefit of recombination in HIV could explain why each HIV particle contains two complete genomes, rather than one.
Yet, the adaptive benefit of these intermediates and the anthocyanin pigments themselves have been challenging to document [12], [48], [49].
Similarly, individuals carrying one or two copies of the short allele of the 5-HTTLPR have been shown to be more vulnerable to affective disorders (e.g., anxiety and depression) when exposed to stressful experiences [25], suggesting an adaptive benefit of carrying the long allele of the 5-HTTLPR.
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These results suggest that the CCUG strain has successfully adapted in the sulphite mill, but loses its adaptive benefits when exposed to a moderately different set of conditions.
Under close scrutiny, the case for depression's adaptive benefits has problems — big ones.
In ways that suggest Mr. Keltner must be a highly amusing teacher (and a generous one, since he so freely credits students and colleagues who played roles in laboratory experiments), this book identifies the adaptive benefits of each emotion, thumbs its nose at the hardhearted (Ayn Rand, Machiavelli) and makes its case for the biological functions served by physical expressiveness.
However, few studies provide an environmental context with which to examine the potential adaptive benefits of these phenotypic changes.
Boyd and Richerson, two other pioneers in cultural evolutionary theory, claim that the overall adaptive benefits of learning from non-parents in fact outweigh the overall adaptive costs (Richerson and Boyd 2005, Ch. 4).
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