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In the case of forward adaptation, the parameters of the system are updated based on the input to the encoder, which is not available to the decoder.
In this adaptation, the parameters of a universal background model (UBM), which are estimated from all video clips using expectation maximization (EM) algorithm, are utilized as the prior distribution for Gaussian means.
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The adaptation of the parameters of the adaptive filters and the classifier can be formulated as an optimization problem, which minimizes the error between the actual responses of the classifier and the desired outputs.
Fuzzy adaptation schemes are devised for the on-line adaptation of the parameters of this method.
During the adaptation process the parameters of the Gaussian components (weights, variances and means) were learnt from the adaptation data while the value of the prior weight during update was set to 0.5 (changes to this parameter did not provide better performance).
The model was confirmed by performing the fit for several initial fuel concentrations without any adaptation of the parameters (Supplementary Table 3 and Supplementary Fig. 3).
Since 2000s, a huge number of papers have been published which are based on the adaptation of the parameters of type-2 fuzzy logic systems using the training data either online or offline.
The adaptation of the parameters α i should in many cases be performed in time intervals of less than a millisecond.
Sum-of-sines stimuli were used to induce adaptation, and the parameters of the stimuli were adjusted to invoke only the linear or both linear and nonlinear components of the response.
Our last experiment with the KWS was the evaluation of the possible improvements gained via speaker (and simultaneously channel) adaptation, as the parameters of the recording differed between the Albayzin corpus and the devices used to record the disabled speakers.
The basic idea is that given some adaptation data, the parameters of a speaker-independent (SI) system are transformed to match the speaking pattern of an unknown speaker, resulting in a speaker-adapted (SA) system.
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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com