In a second, space-for-time substitution approach, studies on aquatic insects and zooplankton documented thermal adaptation or adaptation to the local photoperiod along a latitudinal gradient using common garden experiments.
Phylogenetic independent contrasts (PICs) [ 38- 40] are powerful methods that account for ancestry when testing for relationships between putative adaptations, or adaptations and the environment.
OK, that's a tad optimistic (bear in mind all but one of the 20 highest-grossing films of this decade have been sequels or adaptations, or sequels to adaptations).
Of the newspaper articles with adaptation content (n = 271), the majority (53%) focus primarily on stating the need to adapt, as opposed to documenting actual preparations being undertaken for adaptation or profiling actual adaptations that have taken place.
It can reveal allopatric differentiation, host adaptation or other types of local adaptation as consequences of reduction of gene flow promoting genetic drift and natural selection1.
Importantly, unlike more complex motor behaviors such as gait adaptation or eye-blink conditioning, VOR adaptation involves neither higher cortical areas nor thalamic nuclei, largely restricting degrees of freedom whilst modeling.
The method proposed in Fig. 2 may potentially be complementary to some other reverberation-robust speech recognition methods, such as applying speaker adaptation, acoustic model adaptation or preprocessing schemes (e.g. beamforming) [40].
The dynamic knowledge loop (Fig. 1) explores the dynamic processes of "adaptation of knowledge" or social learning (light grey background in Fig. 1), which leads to changes in "knowledge of adaptation" or knowledge relevant for adaptation to climate change (dark grey circle Fig. 1).
Adaptation can be implemented by smallholder farmers themselves (autonomous adaptation) or by government policies aimed at promoting appropriate and effective adaptation measures (planned adaptation).
Other explanations of the data include retinal adaptation, or possibly amplification of retinal adaptation effects at a cortical level, due to some suppressive effects of the surround (e.g., surround suppression) on the target.
Perhaps we should reconfigure our understanding of disease pathology in the light of adaptation (or failed adaptation) of body systems.
