That claim provoked a complaint to the British ad authority from the European Sudanese Public Affairs Council.
It was an unusual step by the ad authority, an industry-financed body whose decisions are generally heeded by marketers.
Ryanair countered that it had examples of two bookings made on Fridays and Sundays at that price, and promptly filed a complaint of its own with the Office of Fair Trading, saying that it was being unfairly picked on by the ad authority.
Even though Mr. O'Leary has warned that Europe's low-cost carriers face a "perfect storm" of higher fuel prices and slower demand for seats, the dispute with the ad standards authority "hasn't been hugely damaging," said Peter Sherrard, a spokesman for Ryanair.
In each city, a dozen performers invite local guests to join what Hennessy calls "a collaborative failure"; in New York, these include Hennessy's former colleague the ad-lib authority Ishmael Houston-Jones.
The text of the ad accused Southern authorities of conducting a "wave of terror" against black students demonstrating for their civil rights, and also charged the police with trying to intimidate Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr.
When a judge ruled in March that the Philadelphia transit authority could not reject a particular AFDI ad, the transit authority enacted a blanket ban on all political, public issue and noncommercial ads, according to the Christian Science Monitor.
In practically all matters of reform the bishops received authority ad instar legati S. Sedis ("like delegates of the Holy See").
Some so-called fallacies are not mistakes in reasoning but rather illicit rhetorical ploys, such as appeals to pity (traditionally called the fallacy of ad misericordiam), to authority (ad verecundiam), or to popular opinion (ad populum).
As the MGEF was very much willing to push forward the policy as the supervising ministry, it would be better regarded as an ad hoc guardian authority, at least temporarily.
