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The effect of heat treatment on the structure, piezoelectricity and actuation behavior of cellulose electroactive-paper actuators was studied by infrared spectroscopy, piezoelectricity measurement and the tip displacement test.
The model incorporates the effect of distributed surface resistance, which is known to influence the actuation behavior of IPMCs [37].
The influence of heat treatment temperature on the actuation behavior was investigated under quasi-static conditions.
Both these mechanisms in turn affect the actuation behavior in different ways.
These structures show a superior actuation behavior owing to their high capacitance due to extensive overlapping fingers.
We also observed the tensile actuation behavior of the paraffin-infiltrated-coiled yarns according to various loads and exposure times at specific temperatures.
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The proposed model characterizes actuation behaviors in terms of intrinsic material parameters and actuator dimensions.
We increase the input frequency continuously, at first, the microswimmer exhibits simple rotation, and then, it tends to change its actuation behaviors toward reducing the drag torque.
The piezoelectricity and actuation behaviors were found to depend upon the volume ratio (or thickness ratio) of ceramic layer relative to ceramic layer.
Here, we report different electrochemical actuation behaviors of bulk nanoporous palladium (np-Pd) fabricated by dealloying in acid (0.5 M H2SO4) and alkaline (1.0 M KOH) solutions.
The alloy with a hierarchically porous structure shows different actuation behaviors in different electrolytes, which are correlated with the adsorption/desorption of hydrogen/hydroxyl and the nature (clean or oxide-cover) of ligament surface.
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