Actual costs to the payer may be higher or lower.
Costs were calculated from the perspective of the third-party payer and represented actual reimbursed amounts for each service rendered.
The cost-saving result is consistent with findings from a 2008 U.S. study by Cremieux et al. (23), which found, based on a third-party payer perspective of actual patient costs, that the initial investment in bariatric surgery was offset by downstream health care savings after 4 years.
However, industry scuttlebutt is that, thanks to the bargaining position that the payers have, the actual price is on the order of $8,000.
Therefore, from a payer's perspective, the actual cost of therapy depends on the type of medication prescribed and its unit price on the one hand, and on the other hand, the frequency and dose prescribed in real-life settings.
It shouldn't be necessary to point out that if the capital tries to compete with somewhere that still has actual slaves, then London's rent payers are unlikely to come out on top.
Three years ago, James Murdoch accused the BBC of expansionist plans that had "a chilling effect" on the rest of the British media, but his sister's only critical observation about the national broadcaster was that the incoming director general had "to demonstrate how efficiently that funding is being spent on actual content on behalf of the licence fee payers".
The procedure for choosing members within the individual groups should reflect the actual spectrum of the insured individuals, service providers, and payers of health-care services.
But then someone has to do the intricate behind-the-scenes data processing that makes sure the card isn't stolen, the people involved aren't scammers, the payer's account has the necessary funds and the actual money transfer happens quickly and without a glitch.
