Exact(6)
It's simply an easier (non) argument to make than having an actual discourse.
But Habermas takes a further step, insisting that (U) is a principle of real discourse: an individual's moral judgment counts as fully reasonable only if it issues from participation in actual discourse with all those affected.
At the same time, these idealizing presuppositions have an operative effect on actual discourse: we may regard outcomes (both consensual and non-consensual) as reasonable only if our scrutiny of the process does not uncover obvious exclusions, suppression of arguments, manipulation, self-deception, and the like (2003a, 108).
The extent to which the actual discourse has influenced praxis and how effective it has been is more difficult to determine but we conclude that, within a context of 'incorrigible' problems, small steps have been made towards taming an untameable beast.
This means that much of the actual discourse between elected officials and citizens originates from the citizens.
The few million people tuning into Fox and tuning out any opposing take on reality are in dire need of a dose of actual discourse, not just one extremely slanted view.
Similar(53)
These conditions are counterfactual in the sense that actual discourses can rarely realize and can never empirically certify full inclusion, non-coercion, and equality.
Platonists argue against the various versions of paraphrase nominalism by pointing out that they are also out of step with actual mathematical discourse.
Among the mentions in our sample, the overwhelming majority (94.5%) take this form, providing strong evidence that connectivity among and between users in these two groups represents actual political discourse rather than simply third-person references.
"Sources confirmed that each day Outkube's software produces dozens of new pop-culture rankings, such as "The 10 Most Underrated Bands" or "The 15 Best Sci-Fi Movies Of All Time," which have been shown to occupy some of the Internet's most obnoxious commenters indefinitely, freeing the remainder of the web for actual rational discourse.
Having used the internet to conduct content text analysis, inserting our findings into a MIT SIMILE software package to visualise the data sets and seeking comments from recent graduates to verify our initial findings, it has been possible to attain an initial idea of the actual employability discourse within higher education in the UK and USA.
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Since I tried Ludwig back in 2017, I have been constantly using it in both editing and translation. Ever since, I suggest it to my translators at ProSciEditing.

Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com