The cytochrome P450 (CYP1A2B 2B, and 3A), 7-methoxyresorufin (MROD), 7-penthoxyresorufin (PROD), and benzyloxyresorufin O-dealkylase (BROD) activities were determined using fluorimetric determination of resorufin at 37°C [ 18].
GSHPx, SOD and CAT activities were determined using the GSHPx, SOD and CAT determination Kits (Cayman), respectively, according to the manufacturer's instructions.
Antibacterial and antifungal activities were determined using disc diffusion assay against human and phytopathogens.
CAT activities were determined using previously described the method by Chance and Maehly [25].
Antimicrobial assay: The antimicrobial activities were determined using the agar diffusion technique in Petri dishes.
Acetyl and butyrylcholinesterase inhibitory activities were determined using Ellman's spectrophotometric assay.
Soil PHO and ARYL activities were determined using p-nitrophenyl phosphate and p-nitrophenyl sulphate as substrate, respectively [49].
In vitro calcium channel antagonist activities were determined using a guinea pig ileum longitudinal smooth muscle assay.
In total, 12 compounds were synthesized and their biological activities were determined using the HPLC UV based KAT-I inhibition assay.
Luciferase activities were determined using Luciferase assay system (Promega, Madison, WI), according to the recommended protocol.
The combined caspase 3 and 7 activities were determined using the ApoOne reagent (Promega, Heidelberg) according to the manufacturers instructions.
