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PPARα is expressed in liver, heart and skeletal muscle, and when activated increases the expression of FA oxidation genes [ 8].
AQP1 is a water channel protein widely expressed in vascular endothelial cells, which, when activated, increases cell membrane water permeability [ 42– 42].
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The flow pressure losses across the test section, when the wings were activated, increased between 7% and 63% of the losses at their de-activated positions, for the single and double VG respectively.
Inclusion of propylacetate in the diet apparently activated increased metabolism of propanol in either the rumen or ruminal epithelium and reduced the metabolic impact of the combined presence of propanol and propylacetate.
Although the most reactive sites in fatty acids are the carboxyl groups and the double bonds, the methylene groups adjacent to these functional groups are also activated, increasing the reactivity of the fatty acid.
Upon growth factor stimulation, PI3K is activated, increasing PIP3 levels which drives phosphorylation of AKT and downstream processes such as higher protein translation, cell division and reduced apoptosis.
Commonly, postsynaptic GABABRs, when activated, increase K+ conductance through G-protein-coupled inwardly rectifying K+ channels (GIRKs) or other K+ channels, that induce a hyperpolarization (see [44], [45]).
Consistent with its antithrombotic and profibrinolytic properties, drotrecogin alfa (activated) increased the risk for serious bleeding.
During TGFβ1 stimulation, MLL1 and SET7/9 are activated, increasing their recruitment to SBEs.
As a result of subendothelial collagen exposure, the tissue factor is activated, increasing the risk of thrombosis.
LXRs are thought to serve as cholesterol sensors that when activated, increase biliary cholesterol excretion, reduce intestinal cholesterol absorption, and promote reverse cholesterol transport.
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