The phrase "activated by at" is not correct and does not make sense in written English.
It seems to be an incomplete or improperly structured expression, and without additional context, it is unclear when it could be used.
Example: "The system is activated by at least three user confirmations." (Note: This example is constructed for context but may not accurately reflect the intended meaning of the original phrase.)
Alternatives: "triggered by" or "initiated by".
Collagen production requires the myofibroblasts to be synergistically activated by AT II and other growth factors, namely TGF-β and CTGF [ 25, 27].
Informally we compute the probability of node u being activated by at least one activator ("or" function on activators) and not being repressed by any of the repressors ("and" function on repressors).
In order to obtain activation maps showing the voxels activated by at least u subjects while controlling for the FDR, the following analysis was done.
ATM is activated by at least two distinct mechanisms (Shiloh and Ziv, 2013).
1– 3 STAT3 is activated by at least three pathways including pathways mediated by cytokines, growth factors, and oncogenic non-receptor tyrosine kinase-activated signal transduction.
In conclusion, we have shown that the terrein biosynthesis gene cluster is activated by at least three independent environmental signals: methionine, nitrogen limitation, and iron starvation.
AMPK is activated by phosphorylation at Thr172 by at least two recently characterised upstream kinases, LKB1 and Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase kinase (CaMKK), especially the β isoform [10 13].
The Phe300Gln mutant had very low activity and was not activated by bicarbonate at concentrations <2 mM (Fig. 8) and higher concentrations exhibited non-saturation.
Whatever the mechanism, experiments on cats and monkeys have shown that individual neurons are activated by lines at different angles for example, at 90° to the horizontal or at an angle of 45°.
- In this study, we found that ULK1 was activated by phosphorylation at Ser555 and dephosphorylation at Ser757, but MTOR was not inactivated in EEF2K-depleted cells (Fig. 6B).
For instance, Chk2 was activated by phosphorylation at Thr68 by ATM, while Chk1 activation requires phosphorylation at Ser317 and Ser345 catalyzed by ATM and/or ATR.
