This case exemplifies how verbally transmitted information increased the aversiveness of the US (that was initially experienced as rather mild) and how this information eventually led to phobic fear for the CS (i.e., dogs) supposedly by activating a representation of an inflated US.
The positive correlation between imitation accuracy and fronto-parietal coherence during the third pause interval suggests that good imitators were better able to activate a correct representation of consecutive goal-means relations in memory for subsequent reproduction.
Neuroimaging studies have identified potential neural substrates associated with payoff and probability [5], [6].eural structures reported to be activated in a representation of a payoff include the orbitofrontal cortex, insula, thalamus and striatum [9], [10], [11], [12], [13].
In both cases, the orthographic cluster forming the nucleus of the penultimate syllable and the last syllable of a consistent neighborhood would activate a phonetic representation in which the characteristics of the vowel of the penultimate syllable (i.e., whether it is a tonic vowel or not) are already specified.
The fact that dogs had a looking preference exclusively when the two modalities were both showing dogs, suggests that our subjects linked the growls with the dog pictures, further suggesting that dogs might be able to activate a specific mental representation of the signaler with respect to the species and the size.
It is widely agreed that numbers automatically activate a magnitude representation.
These results show that linguistic tasks do not only share common neural representations but essentially activate a subset of the action observation network if identical stimuli are used.
For example, concurrent presentation of the occasion setter and target CS could be said to activate a configural stimulus representation that is distinct from the representations of its two constituent elements (e.g. Pearce, 1987).
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Thus Herbart concludes that the psyche's apparent property of being only able to activate a very small number of representations simultaneously is no property at all.
