Accompanying immunoblots showed significant increases in protein levels of the oxidative stress-responsive transcription factor ATF3 in buccal cells collected 15 min after H2O2 (p < 0.001) (Fig. 2A B), confirming that H2O2 activated a general stress associated transcription factor.
Subsequently, Glu-166 acts as a general base to activate a water molecule for deacylation of the enzyme.
This model is consistent with the mechanism of many other zinc enzymes that use an aspartic acid as a general base to activate a water or hydroxide ion.
MAO can be used in general to activate a variety of Group 4 metallocenes towards ethylene or α-olefin polymerisation [21, 22].
To localize activated voxels, a general linear model analysis was performed, convolving the model with a gamma function [mean lag of 5.6 s and a standard deviation (half-width of the gamma smoothing) of 2.8 s].
The properties of the stimuli that activate the general stress response can be summarised in two categories, (i) environmental stress, and (ii) energy stress [ 26, 27], both of which activate a phosphatase for RsbV-P [ 11, 28].
Therefore, if HLH had also occurred during the initial episode, phagocytosis of Leishmania-infected cells by previously activated macrophages, or a general activation of macrophages as observed in HLH, may have contributed to the control of parasite loads.
Notably, the SigT ECF sigma factor mediates the carbon starvation-induced degradation of CtrA, while activating a core set of general starvation-stress genes that respond to carbon starvation, osmotic stress, and exposure to heavy metals.
In agreement with a role of Xrn1 in translation initiation, activated genes exhibited a general reduction of footprint density while repressed genes exhibited a general increase.
These chiral catalysts rely on multiple non-covalent interactions in the transition state for asymmetric induction, which has been utilized to activate more general substrate classes.
