The key to Judge Buchwald's decision is her finding that the banks were not acting as competitors but instead were cooperating when submitting interest-rate information to the British Bankers Association, which in turn set Libor based on that data.
By adding more shows of its own, Hulu is simultaneously reducing its dependence on its network owners and acting as a competitor to them.
But editors and publishers at some other papers have become vocal critics of the way The A.P. operates, saying that it charges more than they can afford, delivers too little of what they need and — particularly galling to them — is sometimes acting as their competitor on the Internet.
Levels of potassium carbonate above 1 mg generally resulted in lower yields possibly by inducing hydroxide formation from trace amounts of water in the reaction, with subsequent ring opening of the phthalimido ring or acting as a competitor of the fluoride.
However, one proposed inhibitory function of Cbl in EGFR signaling is acting as an competitor with Sos (Son of sevenless) by binding to Grb2, thereby blocking signaling through the Ras-MAPK pathway [21].
Bikinin activates BR signaling in Arabidopsis by directly binding to BIN2 and acting as ATP competitor [ 27].
MEL1 is also known as a transcription repressor factor in the regulation of calreticulin expression, acting as a competitor with GATA6 factor [ 48].
First of all, a natural ligand of IL-1 receptors - IL-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1Ra) -prevents recruitment of the accessory protein needed to signal, thus acting as a competitor to IL-1 [ 1].
The canonical function of kinases is to transfer a phosphoryl group to substrates, initiating a signaling cascade; while their non-canonical role is to bind other kinases or substrates, acting as scaffolds, competitors, and signal integrators.
Sperm competitive ability of a given male can only be holistically assessed by looking at the output of fertilization trials involving other males in the population acting as sperm competitors.
In vitro tests have shown that certain PBDEs can affect thyroid hormone homeostasis by acting as potent competitors of thyroid hormones for binding to human transthyretin (TTR) and thyroid hormone receptors (TRs) (Cantón et al. 2006; Darnerud et al. 2007; Zhou et al. 2002).
