Since NSR-seq captures all transcripts regardless of polyadenylation state [ 15], we were able to assess ASE across both coding and noncoding regions.
Because this mutational bias is observed across the chromosome in both coding and noncoding regions, it is unlikely that any proposed heterogeneous mutational mechanism, such as positive GC feedback (Fryxell and Zuckerkandl 2000) or misincorporation of G and C bases in early-replicating regions (Eyre-Walker and Hurst 2001) contribute to the observed pattern of codon usage bias in D. pseudoobscura.
The distribution of alterations did not differ from that of the SNPs across the same regions for both coding and noncoding regions.
In contrast to standard phylogenetic markers, AFLP variation is spread across the whole genome, spanning both coding and non-coding DNA regions and may therefore be more representative of overall genetic patterns present as well as being highly informative for phylogenetic analyses at the low phylogenetic level [ 23, 24].
By leveraging novel de novo assembly methods along with the historical time-stamps associated with the infections, we sought to determine whether there was evidence for CA-MRSA selection both across all coding genes as well as biological pathways implicated to mediate virulence.
John Dewhirst's Life at the Top and Room at the Top (Bantamspast) are well-researched accounts of earlier, happier sporting times in Bradford, while Leeds rugby league memories feature in Bev Risman's highly readable memoir of a life across two codes Both Sides of the Fence (Scratching Shed).
Regions of putative noncoding sequence also exhibited a higher error rate (~2× higher) than regions of putative coding sequence across both genomes (henceforth, putative coding and noncoding sequence will be referred to simply as coding and noncoding sequence).
Originally, they planned to help establish 50 supporters' trusts but it soon became apparent that demand exceeded their expectations and today there are nearly 200 supporters' trusts and community-owned clubs in the UK across football, both rugby codes and ice hockey.
The most identical homeologous BACs sequenced, gmw1-105h23 and gmw1-15k6 are just under 95% identical across both the BAC coding and noncoding regions (Table 2) [ 25].
Ancestral State Reconstruction (ASR) clearly shows that Chilean isolates came from Norway as previously hypothesized and this result is consistent across both genes (color-coded in Figure 2 and additional file 2).
In the previous analysis of C. elegans MA line mtDNA (Denver et al. 2000), seven (A T) n and (T A) n homopolymer mutations were detected across both intergenic and coding sequences: 2/7 were single base pair insertions and 5/7 were single base pair deletions.
