A mutator cell then acquires driver mutations faster than its nonmutator counterparts, and so the mutator phenotype indirectly bestows a selective advantage.
Although it is clear that not all cells harboring driver gene mutations develop into tumors, the mechanism of clonal selection within cells that have acquired driver gene mutations remains poorly understood.
However, as ErbB2/HER2-positive breast cancers represent approximately 25% of all breast cancer cases, there is a need to identify additional kinases that can acquire driver characteristics in breast cancer progression and impact on therapy response.
Clonal expansion markedly alters the rate at which a tumour acquires driver mutations (Luebeck and Moolgavkar 2002; Hornsby et al. 2007), and so including this phenomenon is likely important.
10.7554/eLife.06266.028 Appendix 1 figure 4. Sensitivity analysis of ( A ) the mutation rate to acquire drivers and ( B – D ) initial tumour size.
The temporal dynamics of probabilities P ij (t), i = 0, 1, …, N, where N is the maximal number of additionally acquired drivers and j = 0, 1, are described by: d P i j (t ) d t = P i j + u P i j (u ) + v P i j (v ).
Since acquiring my driver's license at age 16 -- a fluke, I always thought -- I had become brilliant at not driving.
It follows the adventures of a ski-cap-wearing puppy named PaRappa who encounters obstacles that must be overcome through feats like acquiring a driver's license or baking a cake.
Acquiring a driver's license -- earning the right to drive -- became an important rite of passage for American teens, a way for them to launch off on their own toward a bright, if unknown, future.
I do not see how it would be illegal to simply assume an identity, however to do anything with it is, such as acquiring a driver's license or a job.
