The NSFS project consists of four major component interventions in the areas of nutrition, physical activity, economic and art-community engagement to induce behavioral change in our target population in order to achieve obesity prevention (Table 3).
Two key lessons emerge from this comparative analysis, drawn from the case of Brazil: first, the importance of converting preexisting federal primary healthcare agencies for achieving obesity prevention policy objectives; and second, the importance of social health movements within federal agencies shaping legislation based on sound nutrition and healthcare as a human right.
Differences in experimental protocol, which may deploy a single obligatory solid diet, a choice of solid diets, or liquid/solid combinations, and which may or may not allow a preferred macronutrient composition to be selected, mean that different models of diet-induced obesity achieve that obesity by different routes.
The epidemic proportions achieved by obesity makes it mandatory to reach a deeper understanding of its underlying pathophysiological mechanisms, which could provide novel therapeutic targets.
A 2.8% reduction in diabetes prevalence could be achieved if obesity trends start to decline by 5% in a 5-year period.
Future studies could potentially locate the threshold weight gain required to achieve persistent obesity by varying the dietary fat percentage to scan a range of body weight gains over the 7 week obesigenic period.
The results of the study suggest that 1) local PWH-based references for obesity had higher sensitivity than BMI-based references for obesity; 2) none of BMI-based references for obesity achieved optimal rates of sensitivity.
In a pilot study it was documented that individuals who were provided CBT for depression along with evidence-based behavioral treatment for obesity achieved a clinically significant reduction in depressive symptoms in 16 weeks [ 40].
"In the last three decades, not one country has achieved success in reducing obesity rates, and we expect obesity to rise steadily as incomes rise in low- and middle-income countries in particular, unless urgent steps are taken to address this public health crisis".
The current study also provides a novel obesity model in which extreme levels of obesity are achieved with no impact on peripheral tissues.
Similar success has been achieved in GWAS of obesity: following a flurry of papers in 2009, the total number of loci associated with obesity is at least 32 (Table 2) (Meyre et al., 2009; Thorleifsson et al., 2009; Willer et al., 2009; Heid et al., 2010; Scherag et al., 2010; Speliotes et al., 2010).
