However, the accumulation of other cold-responsive metabolites, for instance homoserine, methionine and maltose, did not have consistent transcriptional regulation, implying that metabolic reconfiguration involves complex transcriptional and post-transcriptional mechanisms.
Such a cold-induced sink limitation has been discussed to be the reason for the characteristic accumulation of sugars during cold exposure.
Climate influences the growth of trees and corals, the abundance and geographic distribution of plant and animal species, the chemistry of oceans and lakes, the accumulation of ice in cold regions, and the erosion and deposition of materials on Earth's surface.
Another key trait that relates to vernalization response is fructan content, and the accumulation of fructans during cold acclimation.
During low temperature stress or cold acclimation, spring as well as winter wheat exhibited a decreased abundance of starch and increased levels of sucrose even though the starch and soluble sucrose all accumulate simultaneously at the early stage of cold accumulation [ 67].
In rice, CAT plays an important role in cold acclimation, and the accumulation of SODs can reduce cold injury [ 50].
Nevertheless, after 21 d of cold accumulation, both were significantly up-regulated.
The first group (GI) is represented by sixteen proteins that showed a pronounced increase during the normal softening process (E1-E2) compared to the absence of a noticeable increase in protein accumulation during the softening of cold stored fruit (E3-E4).
Recent molecular genetic and bioinformatic studies indicate that the CBF-COR regulon is conserved in a wide variety of monocots and dicots, such as barley, Chinese cabbage, rice, and wheat [ 17- 23], signifying the physiological significance of cold accumulation in plants under fluctuating temperature conditions.
