Knowledge accumulated concerning molecular languages of symbiotic microorganisms allows us to better understand the mode of action of known probiotics and to design in principle novel probiotics (metabiotics) with increased health effectiveness.
Since the first experiments showing that the MBD2 binds in vivo to the methylated regulatory regions of p16 and p14 and could thereby contribute to gene silencing in colon carcinoma cell lines [40], a body of evidence has accumulated concerning associations between MBD proteins and hypermethylated promoter regions [41] [43].
More recently, as evidence has accumulated concerning the importance of nitric oxide as a cellular messenger, we have begun research toward developing markers for the presence of nitric oxide and for endogenous nitrosation via this compound.
Whereas it has been known for a long time that exacerbations of bronchial asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease might be aggravated by ETS exposure, only little knowledge has been accumulated concerning the relation of ETS and symptoms such as cough.
Although both studies have limitations, an editorial accompanying Graham's paper considered the findings compelling: "Accumulating concerns about rosiglitazone make it difficultto advance a cogent argument regarding why, exactly, a patient might want to receive the drug".
An emerging series of data are now accumulating concerning the effectors of second messengers such as Ca2+-activated proteases, cAMP-dependent kinases, Ca2+-dependent kinases and metabolic enzyme effectors [5], [6].
There is accumulating concern that the future effectiveness of protected areas will be undermined by climate change for the conservation of biodiversity [6], [7], [8], [9] (but see [10]).
Evidence is accumulating concerning the long-term effect of abnormal quality of sleep (e.g. difficulty initiating and maintaining sleep) or quantity of sleep (sleep duration) on the future risk of developing diabetes.
The importance of indirect effects is currently receiving increased attention as evidence accumulates concerning the exploitation of plant volatiles, especially herbivore-induced plant volatiles (HIPVs), by natural enemies when locating their prey (Mumm and Dicke 2010).
