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In addition to variations in the distribution of abuse, differences in the dimensions of abuse at a more local level are also noted (e.g. gender or age of victims, modus operandi, abuse settings, and available guardianship).
Because pregnant women or infants are exposed to these classes of agents in clinical and drug abuse settings, there is the potential that these drugs may produce long-lasting functional deficits in vulnerable fetuses and infants.
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A sample of clients from several Danish substance abuse treatment settings was included, with both inpatient and outpatient settings, rural settings and urban settings, methadone and none-methadone settings.
Contingency management has a well-established evidence base in substance abuse treatment settings (Hartzler et al. 2012), but requires modification for use in criminal justice settings, where negative sanctions for noncompliance are the norm.
Few integrated substance use and depression treatments have been developed for delivery in outpatient substance abuse treatment settings.
In substance abuse treatment settings, CM interventions reduce drug use and increase treatment retention for a wide variety of drug abusers (Stitzer et al. 2010).
The present study is the first report on a client-treatment matching protocol (CMP) to guide admissions to residential and outpatient substance abuse treatment settings.
Brief screening instruments for co-morbid personality disorders could potentially have great value in substance abuse treatment settings.
This questionnaire has been used in psychiatric inpatient and outpatient treatment evaluations [ 38, 39] as well as in substance abuse treatment settings [ 40], including OST [ 21, 22, 41- 44].
This study aimed to establish smoking behaviours and attitudes towards nicotine dependence treatment among clients and staff in substance abuse treatment settings.
Our framework for conceptualizing these challenges may be useful for exploring these issues in other diverse substance abuse treatment settings, enabling clinicians, treatment programs, and policymakers to better assure the provision of the highest quality substance abuse treatment services.
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