We examined the possibility of multiplicative interactions between physical, sexual, and psychological IPV exposures and child abuse (coded as any vs. no physical or sexual abuse at age ≤17 years) by using likelihood ratio tests to compare models with adult and child abuse main effect parameters to models with main effect parameters plus interaction terms.
To maintain interest in the research, some centers also provided ongoing staff enrichment opportunities, including monthly discussion groups on topics such as child abuse, housing code violations, and child development.
We also selected ED visits by women whose discharge diagnosis or procedure codes were physical or sexual abuse (ICD9CM codes: 995.80-995.85 or 995.5 or V715 or V716).
So diagnoses such as "intermittent depressive disorder" or "neurotic depression" reported in some studies were coded under "depressive disorders' variable and diagnoses such as "alcohol use", "alcohol misuse" and "alcohol abuse" were coded as "alcohol problems".
Potential participants were screened in the ED for a history of physical abuse and coded as having experienced no IPV (No IPV), as having a recent history of IPV (occurring in the previous 12 months; IPVA), or as having a remote history (most recent occurrence >12 months ago; IPVHx).
Substance abuse was coded as "yes" if there was documentation of alcohol, cocaine, heroin, prescription or illicit substance dependency at the time of admission.
Child abuse was coded into the two (none-to-mild and moderate-to-severe overall) or three levels (no moderate or severe type of abuse, one type of moderate or severe abuse of two types) described above.
Also, ICD-10-AM maltreatment codes were grouped to create variables to flag the presence of each of the main forms of maltreatment (neglect, physical abuse, sexual abuse, psychological abuse, and other/unspecified abuse) as coded by the original coder and the auditor (For more detail on these code groupings see McKenzie et al 2010 [ 11].
De Kerangal liberates medicine from the language that, by necessity, has constrained its practice – a language that, her omniscient but humane narrator tells us, "banishes prolixity as time-wasting, forbids any notion of eloquence or seductiveness in articulation, abuses nouns, codes, and acronyms".
