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This model assumes that only the most abundant viruses in a given environment are active, with the remaining low-abundance fraction being analogous to an inactive seed bank.
VEM successfully characterized the active and abundant viruses that produce disease symptoms in crops, as well as the less abundant viruses infecting adjacent native vegetation.
This demonstrates that VEM is capable of detecting and obtaining high levels of sequence coverage from active and abundant viruses in the primary collection host.
Furthermore, the possibility that food/microflora/parasites are the source of the viruses is further reduced if the less abundant viruses appear closely related to the abundant viruses in phylogenetic trees.
Thus, all bacteria and archaea exist in a perennial arms race with the excessively abundant viruses [ 4, 5].
On the one hand, less abundant viruses can often be isolated or observed only through the use of concentrated seawater samples (Seeley and Primrose, 1979).
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"One possible explanation for the role of direct physical contact in transmission is the presence of abundant virus particles and antigens in the skin in and around sweat glands," the authors concluded.
In contrast with these observations on naturally-infected lymphocytes, VS formed between target cells and the continuous HTLV-1-producer cell line MS9 [14] showed sites of virus budding and abundant virus particles both inside the VS (Figure 5A,B,C and Movies S8, S9), and more prominently at the periphery, i.e. outside the synapse (Figure 3D, Figure 5A,D,E and Movie S1).
The different pipelines were tested with this test set in order to identify the most abundant virus present.
Viral genomes are relatively small, for many important and abundant virus families, only several kilobases (kb) long, so that assembly of complete viral genome is often feasible.
However, pochards cannot be ruled out as potential vectors because some birds excreted abundant virus in absence of severe clinical signs.
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