Monk parakeet abundance and damage was greater in sunflower than in corn fields.
abundance and damage at 8 different spatial scales around 42 oilseed rape fields using a multi-model inference approach.
Using a multi-level approach, we evaluated within-field, field, and landscape variables at three spatial scales potentially related to monk parakeet abundance and damage in crop fields.
We used Brassica oleracea crop plants as phytometers planted into field margins of 48 fields and observed correlations of explanatory variables (vegetation, landscape) and response variables (herbivore and natural enemy abundance, crop damage) for two consecutive years (24 fields × year−1).
Predictive habitat models relating bird abundance and damage to characteristics of the agricultural environment at multiple scales are a key tool for designing management programs to reduce impacts of birds on agricultural production.
In this study, we explored habitat features influencing abundance and damage of monk parakeets (Myiopsitta monachus) to corn (Zea mays) and sunflower (Helianthus annuus) fields, as a basis for the design and evaluation of management strategies for preventing damage in the future.
We conducted an independent analysis of specialist herbivore abundance and damage in C. maculosa stands.
In comparing P. nigra volatiles among treatments, only four compounds differed significantly in emission upon feeding by the two caterpillar species tested (the specialist L. populi and the generalist L. dispar both 5th instar): (E -β-caryophyllene, 3-mE -β-caryophyllene, myrcE -β-caryophyllene all emitted in greater abundance after damage by L. dispar.
This hypersensitivity is associated with an abundance of chromosomal damage and induction of apoptosis and necrotic cell death (3).
We tested if bat and/or bird exclusion from cacao trees leads to higher arthropod abundance and leaf damage, and conducted the experiment in high and low shade plantations.
This study showed that activated macrophages migrate between HIV infected brain tissues and especially to areas of the brain where there is an abundance of tissue damage.
