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However, if DS is absent, replication initiates from normally silent origins in the mini-EBV genome.
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It was assumed that the presence of dUTPase allows viruses that contain this domain to replicate in non-dividing cells, in which cellular dUTPase activity is absent because replication of DNA does not occur [ 16].
The difference was less pronounced after 42 days, suggesting that the lack of responsiveness to oncolytic therapy may be associated with delayed but not completely absent VACV replication.
This change was similarly absent from virus replication during CD8+ cell depletion.
Geminin, a 23.5 kDa nuclear protein, is an endogenous regulator of chromosomal replication, absent during G1 phase but allowed to accumulate during S, G2 and M phase [ 17].
Furthermore it was verified that the localization patterns that are specific for ongoing replication were absent from cells from stationary phase cultures (data not shown).
In this case no new β-cells are formed during the period of c-Myc inactivation, with replication essentially absent within the pancreas during this period.
The role of such translation product, however, would appear dispensable given that a chloroplast-encoded DNA polymerase dedicated to cpDNA replication is absent from all photosynthetic eukaryotes that have been examined thus far.
KSHV opposes these threats for example by hiding from the immune attack by entering the latent infection phase where only few genes are expressed and replication is absent or in the productive phase by the downregulation of major histocompatibility complex class I on the surface of infected cells.
When experimental evidence suggested that an origin of replication sequence was absent in the assembly of pHV4, the assembly was manually examined.
As previously discussed, the number of genes differentially expressed in xenografts with replicating VACV reflected completely the number of VACV-specific annotations present in the VACV-array platform demonstrating that GLV-1h68 replication is either absent or complete in xenografts at this time point.
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