And with the global collapse of wild fisheries during that same time period, Norwegian scientists found ready work abroad developing salmon aquaculture programs in Chile, Scotland and Canada.
Since 2003, Bettencourt-Dias and Comunicar Ciência have been giving 3-day science-communications workshops around the country, organizing public debates and conferences on the issue in Portugal and abroad, developing a database of scientists and journalists, issuing guides for scientists on how to communicate with the media and engage in a range of public activities.
In total, he spent some 18 months abroad developing his skills and knowledge by sketching and drawing.
He added that 67 potential staffers are currently studying abroad to develop Tajik theatre when they return.
But events like this also bring a sense of loss with respect to all the Americans who have gone abroad to develop their careers.
Dagan, a shrewd bureaucratic infighter, managed to increase the Mossad's budgets, expand aggressive (and sometimes violent) operations abroad, and develop the agency's technological capacities.
And it sends its leading doctors on lecture tours abroad to develop relationships with local physicians, who might later refer their own patients to Mount Sinai.
Russia too is vulnerable, and will need capital and know-how from abroad to develop gas fields and rejuvenate its creaking infrastructure.
Robert Walpole and his successors in the 18th century used trade protectionism, subsidies, government procurement and skills policy (mostly consisting of poaching skilled workers from abroad) to develop British industries, especially woollen manufacturing.
"It would also mean that innovators who want to avoid new and expensive mandates will take their innovations abroad and develop them there, where there aren't the same mandates".
