Sentence examples for abnormal songs from inspiring English sources
Although chronic auditory deprivation during sensorimotor learning produced abnormal songs, it did not alter basal FoxP2 expression levels.
During song learning, social interactions with adult models are crucial and young songbirds raised without direct contacts with adults typically produce abnormal songs showing phonological and syntactical deficits.
They define the region that projects to the VTA/SN as 'AIV' and go on to demonstrate that lesions of AIV in juvenile birds cause development of abnormal song as evaluated at 90 d of age, and lesions in adults reduce deafening induced song plasticity.
However, song is abnormal unless those fru+ neurons are masculinized by fruM, so there may be similar developmental alterations in motor circuits of the VNC (e.g., Figure S2D).
While lesions of LMAN result in impoverished, but highly stereotyped adult song [ 16, 17], partial lesions in Area X lead to abnormal, un-crystallized, and structurally variable song [ 18].
As expected, the songs of deafened juveniles were abnormal, however basal FoxP2 levels were unaffected.
These deficits appear to be linked to a failure to acquire songs' functions and may provide a model for abnormal development of communicative skills, including speech.
Moreover, the fact that song classes showing species-typical acoustic morphology were not found in their usual place in the experimental birds' song sequences suggests that the observed deficit in neuronal responses is likely to be linked to a failure to acquire songs' functions and may provide a model for abnormal development of communicative skills, including speech.
* Abnormal vaginal bleeding.
