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Cardiac abnormalities are generally caused by abnormal development of the heart and circulatory system before birth.
De Togni, P. et al. Abnormal development of peripheral lymphoid organs in mice deficient in lymphotoxin.
Li, Q. et al. IKK1-deficient mice exhibit abnormal development of skin and skeleton.
Alimzhanov, M. et al. Abnormal development of secondary lymphoid tissues in lymphotoxin β-deficient mice.
Vascular rings are a relatively rare entity caused by abnormal development of the fetal aortic arches.
Abnormal development of follicular helper T (TFH) cells can induce the GC response to self-antigens, subsequently leading to autoimmunity.
Isabel, 3 1/2, has DiGeorge syndrome, a rare hereditary disorder that usually causes heart defects and abnormal development of the esophagus.
Lymphatic malformations are congenital vascular anomalies that occur from abnormal development of the lymphatic channels.
Hip dysplasia, in dogs, abnormal development of the hip joint on one or both sides of the body, occurring primarily in medium and large breeds.
Congenital primary hypothyroidism is caused by lack of or abnormal development of the thyroid in utero and inherited defects in the synthesis of thyroid hormone.
In addition, alterations in the expression of Bmp4, Wnt8b, Nkx2.1 and Shh are associated with abnormal development of dorsal and ventral structures.
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