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Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are able to trigger both phenomena.
The TNF- α signal transduction pathway is complex, being able to trigger both pro-survival and pro-apoptotic pathways, and it remains incompletely understood.
Early in the '90s it was observed that several distinct compounds with similar chemical properties were able to trigger both an increase in size and number of hepatic and renal peroxisomes in rodent cells.
Through all these different molecules, bacteria are able to trigger both intrinsic and extrinsic apoptotic pathways, here we report some examples in different types of both endo-cellular and extracellular bacteria.
Mutant p53 was also shown to induce the expression levels of the insulin-like growth factor I receptor gene (IGF1R (111)), which once activated is able to trigger both phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K /AKT and Ras/mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) prosurvival pathways, often deregulated in breast cancer (112).
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Rif interacts with both mDia1 and mDia2 and is able to trigger the formation of both filopodia, and stress fibers.
Alpha-, gamma- and delta-tocotrienols were able to trigger caspase-8 activity in both A549 and U87MG cells comparing with the untreated groups, which remained at its basal level.
This study demonstrates that in colon carcinoma cells that express both DR4 and DR5, both receptors are able to trigger JNK activation and c-Jun phosphorylation.
These observations indicate that erastin, as well as RSL3, are able to trigger ferroptosis in a similar manner in both two- and three-dimensional culture conditions.
We observed that, similar to the results for T98G cells, both TAZnPc and ZnPc are able to trigger a reduction in cell viability when the cells are irradiated.
In vivo, however, both infliximab and etanercept were able to trigger apoptosis only in monocytes, but not in lymphocytes [ 26].
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