Observations of the processes of ovulation, sperm migration, and fertilization in wild-type C. elegans, as well as the ability of fertilization-incompetent sperm to sterilize hermaphrodites, suggest that wild-type male sperm most likely block the access of self sperm to the site of fertilization (Ward and Carrel, 1979; Singson et al., 1999).
It is difficult to monitor the effects of EDCs on early development by using mammalian embryos; therefore, zebrafish, which has the ability of external fertilization, is used as an alternative model.
However, such effects may not reflect the competitive ability of sperm at fertilization and could potentially be the spurious outcome of selective mortality of developing tadpoles with respect to genetic incompatibility of partners and is predicted to show cumulative severity in proportional mortality through embryonic development.
It is possible that the very low fertilization success of FEPCs in those waterfowl species for which genetic data exist [42] [46] reflect the female's ability to retain control of fertilization.
A decrease in sperm-egg fusion and binding was shown in the oocytes with 50%% knockdown of ITGA9 on the oocyte surface as well as the reduction of the fertilized eggs percentage in comparison to the controls, but ITGA9 knockdown did not bring a comprehensive loss of fertilization ability.
For this purpose, we have previously evaluated the effect of time elapsed between death and sperm recovery on spermatic parameters, and the fertilization ability of frozen-thawed spermatozoa using heterologous in vivo fertilization by intrauterine insemination in domestic goat (Capra hircus).
While epididymal maturation remains a relatively poorly defined set of processes, it is apparent that these complex, regionalized and coordinated modifications are important in the ability of sperm to complete fertilization and their disruption may lead to compromised fertility (Baker et al., 2003; Yoshinaga and Toshimori, 2003; Ecroyd et al., 2004; Lin et al., 2006).
To determine the diagnostic value of the following sperm function tests in predicting the fertilizing ability of spermatozoa in conventional in vitro fertilization (IVF) and intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI): hyaluronan-binding assay (HBA), DNA fragmentation (Halosperm), and hyperactivity.
To evaluate the influence of dead spermatozoa present in raw semen samples before and during freezing on the functionality and fertilization ability of frozen-thawed spermatozoa.
The main objective of this study was to examine the effects of storage conditions on viability and fertilization ability of fresh ram (Ovis aries) semen up to 72 h postcollection.
