Chromium nitride (CrN) is a hard material and a well-established coating for applications where severe corrosion and friction conditions are present.
Optical imaging technologies are mostly well-established applications and show a range of results regarding resolution, accuracy, and precision.
Basic pairing theory, effective field theory and spontaneous symmetry breaking; well-established applications to liquid helium 3 as a warm-up; research will be explored including anisotropic superconductivity in heavy fermion systems and cuprates; color superconductivity in high-density QCD; and pairing in fermion systems with mismatched Fermi surfaces, including ultracold atom systems.
Much of Darwinian medicine consists of well-established applications of evolution to medicine.
Today even well-established applications do not get deployed at scale because of this very reason.
Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) has well-established applications in basic neuroscience and promising applications in neurological and psychiatric disorders.
"We're not competing with the other manufacturers for well-established applications; we work with the 10 20% of researchers who have applications that are not done as well on the other machines". And for researchers working with larger objects, Union Biometrica of Holliston, Massachusetts, offers a FACS-like platform for sorting embryos and multicellular clusters (see 'The gentle touch', page 1179).
Optimization model is expected to replace empirical models for well-established applications such as predicting noise contours around airports and fuel savings.
Some use well-established applications, some are new, and some remain mostly opportunities.
This research ranges from well-established applications of population genetics and phylogeny to new applications of evolution to specific medical problems such as infectious disease and aging.
Due to the versatility in polymer architectures and chemical functionalities, amphiphilic block polymers have been employed in various well-established applications including dispersants, cosmetics, and emulsifiers, as well as in emerging areas such as nanoreactors, diagnostic particles, and drug delivery vehicles.
