Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a well established example in that patients with IBD have an increased risk for the development of CRC [ 4].
Urea produced by reaction of CO2 and ammonia with a worldwide capacity of 108 tpa is the well established example of chemical utilization of CO2.
As in experimental fungal diseases there are a few but well established examples of antibodies whose protective value is modulated depending on the isotype [33], [38], we wondered whether, and to what extent, the anti-β-glucan IgM was also protective.
While there are many examples of HGT between prokaryotes [ 20], well established examples of HGT from prokaryotic into metazoan organisms are relatively few, with some examples revealed to be artifacts of improper analysis [ 13, 21- 23].
Well established examples of non-exponential population growth apply to global demography (super-exponential or hyperbolic case; q=2 [ 10]) and some molecular replicator systems (sub-exponential or parabolic case; q=1/2 [ 11]).
Ectopic bone formation is considered a good example for a well established theory in aging biology named antagonistic pleiotropy.
Comparing our transient assay system with VTG induction, a well established biomarker of oestrogen exposure, the detection threshold for EE2 (as an example) in zebrafish in vivo is 2 ng EE2/L [ 64].
A well-established example of differentiation therapy is the use of all-trans retinoic acid in combination with chemotherapy in the treatment of acute promyelocytic leukemia [ 20].
SLC24A5 is a well-established example of recent local adaptation and is a major genetic factor that contributes to the light skin pigmentation in CEU (Lamason et al. 2005; Izagirre et al. 2006).
DicF is a well-established example of sRNA lateral transfer; it is encoded within a cryptic prophage and inhibits translation of the host cell division gene ftsZ (Bouché F and Bouché JP 1989), which is core in E. coli– Shigella.
A well-established example of this principle is the increased reduction potential of [2Fe 2S] clusters in Rieske proteins compared to ferredoxins due to replacement of two of the Cys ligands with His residues.
