Y it equals 1 if individual i at time t lives in a different LMA to where he lived 5 years ago and equals 0 otherwise, X it is a vector of indicator variables that identify the ethnic group to which the individual belongs, and Z it is a vector of sociodemographic control variables the varies in different specifications.
A gene is represented as a vector of indicator variables in which variable i is 1 if it is annotated with GO term i.
The position-dependent p- spectrum ϕ(x) of a string x is a vector of indicator variables ϕ v,k )(x) each showing whether the length- p substring v occurs at position k in the string x.
Let f (m ) = ∑ i = 1 n (y i − ∑ j = 1 p m j X i j ) 2 and for k = 1…2 p let γ k be a vector of indicator variables 1, 0, −1 depending on the signs of the regression coefficients corresponding to the k th inequality.
Evaluation process means assigning a vector of indicators to the simulated crop management systems.
In addition, except in the initial estimates we adjust wages by holding constant for a wide range of CPS covariates, X, including a vector of indicators of educational attainment, a quadratic in potential experience, and indicators of marital status, metropolitan location, veteran status and private/public sector employment3.
R2 0.698 0.704 0.689 0.694 0.693 0.698 N = 4,343,280 4,734,522 4,829,326 Average effect of M (log points) -0.223 -0.221 -0.170 -0.192 -0.139 -0.130 *Each equation includes a vector of indicators of educational attainment, quadratics in usual hours and potential experience, and indicators of marital status, metropolitan location, veteran status and private/public sector employment.
Covariates include a vector of four indicators of educational attainment, a quadratic in age, and an indicator of marital status.
The "Educ" specification includes a vector of binary indicators for whether an immigrant obtained a high school diploma, some college, a college degree, or a graduate degree in the USA.
In line with Bratsberg and Raaum (2011), Eq. (1) includes a vector of binary indicators, ( T{R}_{it}^k ), that equals 1 if worker i becomes a permanent resident k years before year t, 0 otherwise.
where FS is taken as a vector of various indicators of household food security, which could be food expenditure FOODexp, nutrient intake NT such as calorie, protein and other food nutrients, dietary diversity score DDS or dietary diversity index DDI, and production index (Smith and Subandoro 2007; Lokosang et al. 2011; Obayelu 2013; Pangaribowo et al. 2013).
