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Asked why Dr. Ivins would submit a true sample of his flask in February but a false one in April, the F.BI. scientists said they could not speculate about his motives.
Considering the vulnerability of the target population, it would have been unethical to build a true sample of children with disability for the calibration of the investigators.
Generally, calculating p-values is not relevant, inasmuch as the data do not provide all the features of a true sample and a very large number of observations make any difference significant, which results in a multitude of p-values stuck at 0. Models are validated with separate datasets for learning and testing.
AUPR summarizes the quality of the classification illustrated with the precision-recall curve into a single value, with the maximum of 1. AUPR can be interpreted as the probability of obtaining a True sample when it is randomly drawn from the Positive sample set at any ϵ threshold.
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It was obvious, though, from the writings of the cognoscenti, that a true sampling of poutine would require a trip to Montreal.
A variety of observations support the premise that the time-averaged biological populations found on the filters constitute a true sampling of the air microbiota.
The concept behind bootstrapping is to approximate a true sampling distribution by constructing a pseudo-sample and re-solving the DEA model for each unit with the new data.
To examine the statistical likelihood that the numbers of ESTs in each cluster represent a true sampling of the biological variation between the six libraries, and to compare the results of clustering with microarray results [ 19], cluster data were submitted to the IDEG6 website for analysis [ 20].
However, the major conclusion from Fig. 9 is that reflection losses due to a change of n12, i.e., at the substrate sample interface, accounts via Eq. 2 for a systematic variation between the true sample absorbance A and the measured one A* of up to about 0.1 (for Si, major refractive index difference).
Although plots without trees and thus lower NDVI are few in the data, we had a true probability sample and the sampling frame covered other land use types including agriculture, and burnt areas which are common in the miombo woodlands.
The Norwegian reference sample (N.ref) was a true random sample from the national population, including 169 infants at this age [ 9, 10].
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