The filter was first acidified with 20 ml 6 M HCl under Ar, and the released sulfide was quantitatively precipitated in a trap containing 100 ml of aqueous silver nitrate (0.5% w/v).
Headspace volatiles were collected using a trap containing 50 mg of Super-Q (Alltech Associates, Deerfield, IL) and eluted with 300 μl of methylene chloride.
The trap contains a solution of 1N KOH that absorbs the acidic components of volcanic gas.
Each trap contained a potted host plant (Brassica oleracea var. gemmifera, Zenker), 5 7 first instar Pieris brassicae caterpillars, a water barrier preventing caterpillar's escape.
However, TRAP contains a second adhesive motif, the so-called A domain, a member of the vWFA (von Willebrand factor type A) protein family, which is necessary for sporozoite gliding motility, target host cell attachment and invasion [ 36].
Both Plasmodium CSP and TRAP contain an adhesive TSR (thrombospondin type 1 repeat domain), which is commonly found in extracellular proteins that are involved in immunity, cell adhesion and neuronal development [ 12, 31].
In addition, ii) we sampled leafhoppers by placing two transparent pan traps, containing an ethylene glycol/water mixture (1 3), 1 m apart, near to the centre of each plot.
In the anaerobic cultivations, each flask was equipped with a loop trap containing sterile glycerol.
This was carried out using excess of ethanol with a catalytic amount of H2SO4 in a Dean-Stark trap containing molecular sieves to remove the formed water.
Air from the bag was pulled through a volatile collector trap containing 30 mg Super-Q (Analytical Research Systems, FL, USA) at a rate of 200 ml min-1.
These data were compared with monitoring data obtained from a conventional wing type-based sticky trap containing the identical sex pheromone lure.
