In a meta-analysis by Rajilic'-Stojanovic' and colleagues [8], almost 1,200 phylotypes were identified based on 98% sequence similarity cut-off of full-length SSU rRNA sequences, with an estimated total richness of over 3,000 phylotypes.
The former reflects the complexity of a community, or alpha diversity, while the latter is a measure of the total richness within an area, or gamma diversity, and is a product of the alpha diversity of its local communities and the degree of beta differentiation among them [46].
In general, this assemblage showed strong taxonomic overlap with the fauna from the fore reef habitats, though with a significant reduction in total richness and notable shifts in relative dominance.
Second, given that area has a major effect on total richness [46], [98], and that diversity in its strict sense is appropriately measured as the number of species in a sample of standard size [46], we divided our richness analyses into two area-based scales, local and landscape richness (after Whittaker [46] and Pitman et al. [23]).
We use these data to extrapolate a total species richness of approximately 940 species.
(B ) The frequency distribution of the number of isolates in which each var type was identified, obtained by assuming a total var richness of ∼369, as estimated in (Chen et al., 2011 ).
(A ) Total chondrichthyan richness, (B ) the number of Data Deficient and threat by major habitat: (C ) coastal and continental shelf (<200 m depth), (D ) neritic and epipelagic (<200 m depth), and (E ) deepwater slope and abyssal plain (>200 m) habitats.
The non-parametric richness estimator, Chao1 [ 49] was determined to predict the total richness of the miRNA population, as a function of the observed richness (S obs ), the number of sequences observed only once (singletons, n 1 ) and the number of sequences observed twice (doubletons, n 2 ).
The main objective was to investigate the effect of spatial heterogeneity and diversity of land use on total richness and abundance of farmland birds at a national level.
We applied this approach here to estimate the total richness of the samples from the target communities, which allows a direct comparison between such samples (Table 1).
