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To improve bone on-growth, some are coated with a thin layer of titanium.
In addition, the EFTEM analysis clearly reveals a thin layer of titanium oxide, of around 20 nm, at the Si3N4 interface (Figure 2c).
A proposal for scaling-up photocatalytic reactors is described and applied to catalytic walls coated with a thin layer of titanium dioxide and irradiated with near UV radiation.
The RM Pressfit® Cup is a single-piece polyethylene cementless acetabular cup that is covered by a thin layer of titanium.
A second photolithographic process is performed through a second mask that allows the realization of the chip's pads, built with a thin layer of titanium of 100 nm and an aluminum layer of 700 nm (see Figure 4).
However, this layer has migrated, like the (Ti, O, N) region, leaving a thin layer of titanium oxide (TiO x ) with 10 nm in thickness and along the TiN layer (Figure 4a).
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A double-layer model system, consisting of a thin layer of tribological titanium aluminum nitride (TiAlN) on top of titanium nitride (TiN), was deposited on polished 100Cr6 steel substrates.
Recently, by depositing a thin layer of gold or titanium dioxide onto the surface of the magnesium microsphere, Wang et al. have developed the autonomous micromotor (Au/Mg and TiO2/Mg), which is able to collect spilled oil droplet for water cleaning (in the case of Au/Mg) [22] or degrading chemical or biological warfare agents for environmental remediation purpose (in the case of TiO2/Mg) [10].
A chemically stable and thin layer of titanium dioxide (TiO2) was formed on the laser-treated substrate, while changes in the surface microstructure were hardly observed.
Alternatively, in metallization, a thin layer of metal, often chromium (Cr), titanium (Ti), or tantalum (Ta), is added to the surface through either electrochemical or vacuum deposition and forms a strong physical bond with the surface [13 15].
Photocatalytic oxidation of toluene in the gas phase over UV-illuminated thin layer of titanium dioxide was studied.
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